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H.R. 3494 117th Congress House

Separation of Powers Restoration Act of 2021

Official title: To amend title 5, United States Code, to clarify the nature of judicial review of agency interpretations of statutory and regulatory provisions.

Introduced: May 25, 2021 Introduced by: Scott Fitzgerald Republican · Wisconsin See on congress.gov
Government Operations and Politics Administrative law and regulatory proceduresConstitution and constitutional amendmentsJudicial review and appeals
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This bill died when the 117th Congress ended
It never became law before the 117th Congress (2021–2022) adjourned, and bills don't carry over to the next Congress. It would have to be reintroduced. You can still save it for reference, but it won't receive updates.
 Everywhere this bill has been 3 steps
Introduced
In committee
Reported out
Passed House
Passed Senate
To President
Became law
Nov 1, 2022
Referred to the Subcommittee on Antitrust, Commercial, and Administrative Law.
May 25, 2021
Introduced in House
May 25, 2021
Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.
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 Latest action November 1, 2022

Referred to the Subcommittee on Antitrust, Commercial, and Administrative Law.

 Plain-English summary Congressional Research Service

Separation of Powers Restoration Act of 2021

This bill modifies the scope of judicial review of agency actions to authorize courts reviewing agency actions to decide de novo (i.e., without giving deference to the agency's interpretation) all relevant questions of law, including the interpretation of (1) constitutional and statutory provisions, and (2) rules made by agencies.

No law may exempt a civil action from the standard of review required by this bill except by specific reference to such provision.

 Related & companion bills 1
  • HR 288 Reintroduced Bill Separation of Powers Restoration Act of 2023
 Bill text 1 version

Source documents hosted by congress.gov.

 Committees of jurisdiction 2
 Cosponsors 27
All 27 Republican 17
Mullin, Markwayne
· Aug 5, 2022
 R
Norman, Ralph
South Carolina · Jul 19, 2022
Bishop, Dan
· Jul 11, 2022
 R
Miller, Mary E.
Illinois · Jun 22, 2022
Duncan, Jeff
· Jun 21, 2022
 R
Tiffany, Thomas P.
Wisconsin · Jun 21, 2022
 R
Spartz, Victoria
Indiana · Dec 1, 2021
 R
Gosar, Paul A.
Arizona · Sep 3, 2021
Good, Bob
· Jul 26, 2021
Burgess, Michael
· Jul 1, 2021
 R
Mace, Nancy
South Carolina · Jun 15, 2021
 R
Biggs, Andy
Arizona · Jun 11, 2021
 R
Budd, Ted
North Carolina · Jun 11, 2021
 R
Babin, Brian
Texas · Jun 8, 2021
 R
Johnson, Mike
Louisiana · Jun 1, 2021
Lesko, Debbie
· Jun 1, 2021
Brooks, Mo
· May 28, 2021
 R
Cline, Ben
Virginia · May 28, 2021
 R
Davidson, Warren
Ohio · May 28, 2021
 R
Emmer, Tom
Minnesota · May 28, 2021
 R
McClintock, Tom
California · May 28, 2021
 R
Steube, W. Gregory
Florida · May 28, 2021
Armstrong, Kelly
· May 25, 2021
Buck, Ken
· May 25, 2021
Lamborn, Doug
· May 25, 2021
 R
Palmer, Gary J.
Alabama · May 25, 2021
 R
Reschenthaler, Guy
Pennsylvania · May 25, 2021
Cite this page click to expand
APA
U.S. Congress. (2026). H.R. 3494: Separation of Powers Restoration Act of 2021. 117th Congress. Open America. https://openamerica.io/bill/117-HR-3494/
MLA
"H.R. 3494: Separation of Powers Restoration Act of 2021." 117th Congress, 2026, Open America, https://openamerica.io/bill/117-HR-3494/.
Bluebook (legal)
H.R. 3494, 117th Cong. (2026), https://openamerica.io/bill/117-HR-3494/.
Markdown link
[H.R. 3494: Separation of Powers Restoration Act of 2021](https://openamerica.io/bill/117-HR-3494/)
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