Skip to main content
H.J. Res. 145 102nd Congress House

Proposing an amendment to the Constitution to provide for the direct popular election of the President and Vice President of the United States.

Introduced: February 21, 1991 See on congress.gov
Government Operations and Politics Constitutional amendmentsElectoral collegePresidential electionsVice Presidents
Sign in to write a letter Sign in to watch
This bill died when the 102nd Congress ended
It never became law before the 102nd Congress (1991–1992) adjourned, and bills don't carry over to the next Congress. It would have to be reintroduced. You can still save it for reference, but it won't receive updates.
 Everywhere this bill has been 3 steps
Introduced
In committee
Reported out
Passed House
Passed Senate
To President
Became law
Jun 7, 1991
Referred to the Subcommittee on Economic and Commercial Law.
Feb 21, 1991
Referred to the House Committee on Judiciary.
Feb 21, 1991
Introduced in House
 Ask about this bill AI · grounded in the bill text

Have a question about what this bill does? Ask in plain English; the answer is drawn from the bill's actual text and official record, and it'll tell you when something isn't in the text rather than guess.

AI answers can be imperfect; always confirm against the full bill text.

 Latest action June 7, 1991

Referred to the Subcommittee on Economic and Commercial Law.

 Plain-English summary Congressional Research Service

Constitutional Amendment - Provides that the people of the several States and the District of Columbia shall elect the President and Vice President.

Requires the electors of President and Vice President in each State to have the qualifications requisite for congressional electors from that State, except that for electors of President and Vice President the legislature of any State may prescribe less restrictive residence qualifications and the Congress may establish uniform residence and age qualifications.

Provides that the persons having the greatest number of votes for President and Vice President shall be elected, if such number be at least the majority of the whole number of votes cast. Provides that if no person has such number, a runoff election shall be held in which the choice of President and Vice President shall be made from the persons who received the two highest number of votes.

Requires the days for such elections to be determined by the Congress. Requires the Congress to prescribe by law the time, place, and manner in which the results of such elections shall be ascertained and declared.

Requires each elector to cast a single vote jointly applicable to President and Vice President.

Allows the Congress to provide for the case of the death of any candidate for President or Vice President before the day on which the President-elect or Vice President-elect has been chosen, and for the case of a tie in any election.

 Bill text 1 version

Source documents hosted by congress.gov.

 Committees of jurisdiction 2
Cite this page click to expand
APA
U.S. Congress. (2026). H.J. Res. 145: Proposing an amendment to the Constitution to provide for the direct popular election of the President and Vice President of the United States.. 102nd Congress. Open America. https://openamerica.io/bill/102-HJRES-145/
MLA
"H.J. Res. 145: Proposing an amendment to the Constitution to provide for the direct popular election of the President and Vice President of the United States.." 102nd Congress, 2026, Open America, https://openamerica.io/bill/102-HJRES-145/.
Bluebook (legal)
H.J. Res. 145, 102nd Cong. (2026), https://openamerica.io/bill/102-HJRES-145/.
Markdown link
[H.J. Res. 145: Proposing an amendment to the Constitution to provide for the direct popular election of the President and Vice President of the United States.](https://openamerica.io/bill/102-HJRES-145/)
Report a problem