No Taxation Without Representation Act of 2025

No Taxation Without Representation Act of 2025

This bill requires the President to receive congressional approval in order to impose a duty (i.e., tariff) on articles imported into the United States.

Specifically, the President may impose a duty on an article imported into the United States only if (1) the President submits to Congress a proposal to impose the duty that includes a rationale for imposing the duty, and (2) a joint resolution of approval is enacted into law.

The bill applies to specified statutory authorities, such as the Tariff Act of 1930 and the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), and other provisions of law (e.g., trade agreements).

Therefore, for example, the bill requires the President to receive congressional approval before imposing tariffs under IEEPA. (IEEPA provides the President with broad authority to regulate various economic transactions following a declaration of a national emergency. In 2025, President Donald J. Trump invoked IEEPA to impose tariffs on imports from almost all U.S. trading partners. Several lawsuits challenging the President's legal authority to impose tariffs under IEEPA are ongoing.)