Charles "Pete" Conrad Astronomy Awards Act

National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 - Authorizes appropriations for FY2006-FY2008 to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for: (1) science, aeronautics, space and flight support, and education; (2) human space flight; and (3) the Office of Inspector General.

Reserves certain sums authorized to be appropriated by this Act for innovative technology transfer partnerships and other technology transfer initiatives undertaken by NASA.

Requires annual reports on major programs for which NASA proposes to spend funds on.

Directs the Administrator of NASA to provide an implementation plan describing NASA's approach for obtaining, implementing, and sharing lessons learned and best practices for its major programs and projects.

Requires reports or plans on various science programs, projects, and activities, including the Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission and the Earth observing system.

Directs the Administrator to establish: (1) a grant program for pilot projects on the integrated use of remote sensing and other geospatial information for public sector needs and an advisory committee to monitor such program; and (2) specified aeronautics research initiatives, programs, and projects.

Directs the Administrator to take specified actions and carry out specified activities concerning; (1) human space flight, including the International Space Station; (2) other NASA program areas; (3) commercial support; and (4) NASA's workforce and facilities.

Directs the General Accountability Office to assess the feasibility of Moon and Mars exploration missions.

Directs the President to establish the: (1) International Space Station Independent Safety Commission; and (2) Human Space Flight Independent Investigation Commission.