Housing, Community Development, and Homelessness Prevention Act of 1987

Housing and Community Development Act of 1987 - Title I: Shelter Assistance for the Homeless and Displaced - Establishes in the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) the National Emergency Food and Shelter Board to continue the national board of charities food and shelter program. Authorizes FY 1988 appropriations.

Directs the Board to carry out a demonstration program to determine the effectiveness of assisting nonprofit organizations in providing housing and support services for the homeless. Sets forth program provisions, including a limit on FY 1988 budget authority.

Directs the Board to make State and local grants for emergency shelter. Sets forth program provisions, including a matching fund requirement. Authorizes FY 1988 appropriations. Requires a report to the Congress.

Title II: Housing Assistance - Subtitle A: Programs Under United States Housing Act of 1937 - Part I: General Provisions - Amends the United States Housing Act of 1937 to increase FY 1988 budget authority for lower income housing programs, including public housing, Indian housing, elderly and handicapped housing, regular housing, and comprehensive improvement assistance.

Provides for public housing phased-in rent increases in cases of tenant employment.

Authorizes public housing agencies (PHAs) to determine, with the Secretary's approval (as an alternative to the existing schedule), monthly rents which do not exceed the maximum allowable rent contribution and do not exceed either the average monthly debt service and operating expenses for similarly-sized projects or the section 8 fair market rent in the area.

Increases the percentage of section 8 public housing assistance available for other than very low income families.

Part 2: Public Housing - Amends the United States Housing Act of 1937 relating to the administration of public housing management.

Authorizes grants for public housing development costs.

Authorizes grants for public housing child care. Requires a report to the Congress. Authorizes FY 1988 appropriations.

Directs the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (Secretary) to provide payments for operating lower income housing projects through a performance funding system that is based on a certain system and that establishes standards for operating costs and income projections. Authorizes FY 1988 appropriations.

Authorizes grants for comprehensive improvement assistance.

Revises the conditions of approval for project demolition applications.

Authorizes public housing comprehensive grants. Requires the Secretary to include such operations in his annual report.

Provides for a pilot program of public housing resident management, including establishment of resident management corporations (RMCs). Requires an annual report to the Congress.

Provides families residing in public housing projects with the opportunity to purchase dwelling units through an RMC.

Part 3: Section 8 Assistance and Other Programs - Amends the United States Housing Act of 1937 to permit voucher payments for a family living in a project being renovated (under section 17 of such Act) if such family was a lower income family at the time of initial assistance whose post-rehabilitation rent would exceed 30 percent of adjusted monthly income. Provides that the percentage of voucher assistance retained by PHAs for administrative expenses shall be the same as permitted under the section 8 existing housing program.

Provides for the portability of section 8 certificates and vouchers.

Authorizes FY 1988 appropriations for: (1) rental rehabilitation grants; and (2) rental development grants.

Subtitle B: Multifamily Housing Management and Preservation - Amends the Housing and Community Development Amendments of 1978 regarding the management and preservation of HUD-owned multifamily housing projects.

Provides for tenant participation in the elderly and handicapped housing program.

Subtitle C: Multifamily Housing Preservation Loans - Authorizes capital improvement loans for certain multifamily housing projects. Establishes in the Treasury the Multifamily Housing Preservation Fund to carry out such program. Sets forth program provisions. Authorizes FY 1988 appropriations.

Subtitle D: Other Housing Assistance Programs - Amends the Housing Act of 1959 to authorize FY 1988 appropriations for elderly and handicapped housing loans. Provides for a demonstration (three year maximum) of prototype handicapped designs. Terminates section 8 assistance in handicapped projects (primarily nonelderly) where contract funds are appropriated under such housing for the handicapped families program.

Amends the Congregate Housing Services Act of 1978 to authorize FY 1988 appropriations for the congregate services program.

Sets forth conditions (health, employment, hardship, dietary customs) under which the owner of any assisted housing for the elderly shall exempt a tenant from mandatory meal participation. Authorizes financial assistance toward participation in lieu of an exemption. Requires owners to accept food stamps as meal payment.

Amends the Housing and Community Development Act of 1980 to exempt from HUD regulations limiting alien eligibility for public housing: (1) alien families with an American member; (2) current housing residents; and (3) affirmed citizens over age 62. (Retains the student-alien restriction.)

Authorizes the Secretary to require HUD program participants or applicants to disclose their social security or employer identification numbers.

Directs the Secretary to establish energy conservation standards for use in assisted housing development and rehabilitation projects.

Amends the Housing and Urban-Rural Recovery Act of 1983 to authorize FY 1988 appropriations for housing demonstration projects.

Title III: Rural Housing - Amends the Housing Act of 1949 to authorize FY 1988 appropriations for: (1) subsidized homeownership loans; (2) farmworker rental housing loans; (3) low income and elderly subsidized rental housing loans; (4) site loans; (5) home repair loans; (6) construction defects payments; (7) repair grants; (8) farmworker rental housing grants; (9) mutual and self-help grants; (10) rental assistance payments; and (11) housing preservation grants.

Extends authority through FY 1988 for rental assistance payment contracts.

Provides that maximum income levels for rural housing programs in the Virgin Islands shall be the same as those for Guam, American Samoa, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands.

Amends the Housing Act of 1949 to provide for rural housing escrow accounts.

Extends the existing "rural area" classification through September 30, 1988.

Requires a study of mortgage credit in rural areas.

Revises the definition of very-low income families for purposes of rural housing assistance eligibility.

Requires local governmental consultation under the programs for insured loans and financial assistance for domestic farm labor housing.

Prohibits reduction, cancellation, or refusal to renew rural housing assistance due to an increase in borrower income if the borrower will be unable to reasonably afford the resulting higher payments.

Title IV: Mortgage Insurance and Secondary Mortgage Market Programs - Subtitle A: FHA Mortgage Insurance Programs - Amends the National Housing Act to extend authority through September 30, 1988, for: (1) title I financial institution insurance for housing renovation and modernization; (2) general mortgage insurance; (3) low and moderate income and displaced families mortgage insurance; (4) homeownership for lower income families including mortgage insurance authority and housing stimulus authority; (5) mortgage co-insurance, including rental rehabilitation and development projects; (6) graduated payment and indexed mortgage insurance; (7) the demonstration mortgage reinsurance program; (8) mortgage insurance for armed forces civilian employees and defense housing for impacted areas; (9) mortgage insurance for land development; and (10) mortgage insurance for medical and dental group practice facilities.

Provides a specified FY 1988 amount for Federal Housing Administration (FHA) mortgage insurance commitments. Authorizes the Secretary to fix premium charges for FHA mortgages or loan insurance, but not more than certain percentages of principal calculated according to specified formulae.

Permits the Secretary to insure a mortgage secured by a one- to four-family dwelling, or approve of a substitute mortgagor who assumes any mortgage, only if the mortgagor is to occupy the dwelling as a principal or secondary residence. Excludes from eligibility certain public and private nonprofit investors.

Repeals the vacation and seasonal home mortgage insurance program.

Specifies certain actions which the Secretary must take to reduce losses under the single family mortgage insurance program.

Extends refinancing insurance authority to cover nursing homes, intermediate care facilities, and board and care homes. Provides that if the State agency is not empowered to certify the need for a nursing home, intermediate care facility, board and care home, or hospital, then the Secretary shall accept in lieu of certification a feasibility study which demonstrates such need.

Makes mortgages on Hawaiian homelands and Indian reservations General Insurance Fund obligations (currently they are under the Mutual Mortgage Insurance Fund).

Increases from ten to 20 percent of the aggregate number of insured mortgages and loans for the preceding fiscal year the ceiling on the aggregate number of such insured mortgages and loans for any particular fiscal year.

Raises the fine for equity skimming from $5,000 to $250,000, and the possible prison sentence from a maximum of three years to a maximum of five years. Subjects skimming on cooperatives and condominiums to such penalties. Revises the definition of one kind of equity skimming practice to mean failing to make payments under the mortgage or deed of trust as the payments become due, regardless of whether the purchaser is obligated on the loan.

Authorizes the Secretary to impose civil money penalties on a mortgagee for certain violations of requirements of such Act, up to a maximum of $1,000 per violation, or $1,000,000 for all violations by a particular mortgagee during a one-year period. Provides for judicial review of an agency determination to assess such penalties.

Authorizes the Secretary to conduct a demonstration program of insurance of home equity conversion mortgages of elderly homeowners through FY 1988. Limits the total number of such mortgages to 1000.

Requires the Secretary to maintain at least one office in each State to carry out such Act, in order to assure adequate processing of loan and mortgage insurance applications.

Prohibits the Secretary from closing any State office until at least 30 days after the completion of any investigation, study, or review by any Federal agency or congressional committee of the proposal or determination to close such office.

Requires the Secretary to prepare and submit to the Congress a study of voluntary standards for modular homes.

Repeals the provision requiring the publication of certain prototype housing costs.

Provides for a double damages remedy in U.S. district court to recover housing project assets or income.

Subtitle B: Secondary Mortgage Market Programs - Prohibits (with specified exceptions) fees from being charged on: (1) Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA) mortgages; (2) Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) guarantees; or (3) Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation mortgages.

Extends Federal National Mortgage Association and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation mortgage purchase authority through FY 1990.

Title V: Community Development and Miscellaneous Programs - Subtitle A: Community and Neighborhood Development and Preservation - Amends the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 to extend community development block grant entitlement authority for certain metropolitan city and urban county areas through September 30, 1988.

Authorizes FY 1988 appropriations for the community development block grant (CDBG) program, including a specified amount for the special discretionary fund.

Makes specified amounts available for existing grant programs to minority graduate and undergraduate students in the areas of community development and planning.

Authorizes FY 1988 appropriations for the urban development action grant program.

Extends and reduces CDBG guarantee authority for FY 1988. Prohibits fees for such loan guarantees.

Revises urban development action grant selection criteria to add certain job-creation and minority small business considerations. Specifies points to be awarded for each factor in consideration and the percentage of fund distribution to applicants meeting different criteria. Requires the Comptroller General to report every three years to the Congress an evaluation of such selection criteria and the eligibility standards to which they apply.

Prohibits the use of urban development action grants for business relocations.

Authorizes FY 1988 appropriations for the urban homesteading program.

Amends the Housing Act of 1964 to extend rehabilitation loan authority through FY 1988. Prohibits risk premiums or fees for such loans.

Amends the Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation Act to authorize FY 1988 appropriations for the Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation.

Amends the Housing and Urban-Rural Recovery Act of 1983 to authorize FY 1988 appropriations for the neighborhood development demonstration program.

Amends the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 to direct the Secretary to enter into a 180-month contributions contract to provide assistance payments on behalf of 500 lower income families in FY 1986 and an additional 250 lower income families in FY 1988 as long as they occupy properties in the Park Central New Community Project or in adjacent areas within the Park Central New Town In Town Project. Makes funds available for such fiscal year for community development grants for such project.

Subtitle B: Flood and Crime Insurance Programs - Amends the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 to extend authority for national flood insurance, including emergency implementation and flood-risk zones, through September 30, 1988.

Amends the National Housing Act to extend authority for the national crime insurance program through September 30, 1988.

Limits annual premium increases for such program through September 30, 1988.

Authorizes FY 1988 appropriations for flood insurance studies.

Subtitle C: Miscellaneous Programs - Authorizes a fair housing initiatives program. Authorizes FY 1988 appropriations. Sets forth program provisions.

Directs the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and the Secretary of Agriculture to collect at least annually data on the racial and ethnic characteristics of persons eligible for or benefiting under each community development, housing assistance, and mortgage and loan insurance and guarantee program the Secretary administers.

Declares that it is U.S. policy that each HUD prime contractor should establish procedures to ensure the timely payment of subcontractors.

Amends the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1970 to authorize FY 1988 appropriations for research and development, including research or public housing energy improvements and lower cost building technologies.

Amends the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975 to make mortgage disclosure authority permanent.

Directs the Secretary to make periodic determinations of lead paint hazards in older housing projects.

Amends the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968 to authorize and increase FY 1988 appropriations for lower income tenant and homeowner counseling.

Title VI: Nehemiah Housing Opportunity Grants - Authorizes the Secretary to provide grant assistance to nonprofit organizations to carry out a Nehemiah housing opportunity program. Limits maximum per home assistance to $15,000. Establishes in the Treasury the Nehemiah Housing Opportunity Fund. Requires an annual program report to the Congress. Authorizes FY 1988 appropriations.

Title VII: Enterprise Zone Development - Authorizes the Secretary to designate up to 100 enterprise zones (to be identified by State and local authorities, or Indian reservation governing bodies) to provide economic revitalization, job creation, and community development.

Requires a specified number of rural designations.

Sets forth area and eligibility requirements.

Prohibits business relocation assistance.

Requires program reports to the Congress every four years.

Authorizes the waiver or modification of housing and community development rules in enterprise zones.

Provides for the coordination of community development block grant, urban development action grant, and other HUD programs in such zones.